Improvement in churns



UNITED STATES PATENT OEETOE.

ELIAS R. REQUA, OE JERSEY O1TY,NEw JERSEY, ASSIGNOR OE ONE-THIRD His RIGHT TO CHARLES RARNUM, OE BROOKLYN, NEw YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN CHURNS.

Specification forming fart of Letters Patent No. 157,635, dated December 8, 1874; application filed September 25, 1874.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, ELIAS BREQUA, of Jersey City, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new andV useful Improvements in Ghurns7 of which the following is a specification:

My invention relatesto certain new and useful improvements in churns, its Object being to provide a ready and efcient means for breaking up the sacks which contain the fatty particles of the cream, and separating said fatty portions from the liquid parts thereof, or buttermilk, in order that theymay be readily and thoroughly agglomerated to form butter,r as will be hereinafter described.

The object of churning, in the preparation of butter from cream, is to Ybreak up mechanically the little sacks which inclose the oily or fatty matter, and thus facilitate the agglomera-v .each other, and to strain or separate the same from the buttermilk or the caseous and albumi nous portions of the cream, as will be hereinafter set forth; and my invention consists in lifting the milk vertically in the churn-vessel by means of a revolving screw rotating within a tube or casing within the said vessel, and allowing it to flow over the top of said tube or casin g, which is provided with a deiiector, and fall into an annular vessel with a perforated fo' raminous bottom,whichwill collect and hold the fatty particles and allow the buttermilk to pass through. Said annular vessel, after the churning is finished, will contain the butter, and, being removable, will allow the butter to be lifted out of the churn in a mass. 'lhe attrition of the sacks which contain the fatty particles against each other during their passage upward through the tube or casing containing the screw-blade will break them up simultaneously, and they will pass over with the albuminous and caseous portions of the cream in a condition to be readily separated from the same.

In the drawings, Figure l represents a vertical section of my improved apparatus. Fig. 2 is a detached view of the casing. Fig.' 3 represents a top view of my apparatus, and Fig. L represents a horizontal section of the saine, showing the annular strainer for the separation of the butter from the buttermilk.

A represents the churn-vessel, and B a cylindrical casing supported within the vessel A, upon a bridge or cross-bar, (J, and held thereon by means of pins b b, or in any other convenient manner, to prevent rotation ofthe casing. The casing B is provided with a deflector, B', for throwing the cream, after passing out of casing B, into the annular vessel. Within said casing I mount a Screw-blade, D, upon a vertical shaft, E, which is stepped in the bridge or cross-bar C at its lower end, and at the upper end has a bearing in the swinging crossbar F, extending acrossr the 1n outh of the churnvessel. Said bearin g consists in a slot extending into the cross-bar from one side, and the shaft is held in said bearing by means of a clamp pivoted to said cross-bar. Said crossbar is pivoted at one end to the side of the churn-vessel, and may be swung aside when desired to allow the casing, screw-blade,and annular strainer to be removed, for the purpose of cleaning the churn-vessel and the various other parts of the apparatus. `The upper end of the shaft E is provided with any suitable gearing, by which it may be put in motion. In the present instance l have shown an ordinary cog-wheel, G, gearing into a larger cog-wheel, H, secured to the cross-bar F. I represents an annular vessel, resting upon lugs K K, affixed to the interior of the churn-vessel about midway between its top and bottom. The bottom of said vessel is perforated or made of foraininous in aterial, so that it will serve as a strainer to separate the butter from the buttermilk.

The churn-vessel and the other parts of the apparatus may be made of any suitable metal,

` preferably of tinned sheet-iron, or of wood or other convenient material, and the parts are so constructed that they may be readily removed for the purpose of cleaning when necessary.

rIhe operation of my improved apparatus will be readily understood. The churn-vessel being properly filled with cream, and the same being put in motion in proper direction, the cream will be carried upward in the direction shown by the arrows, and will fall over the top of the casing B into the annular strainer. During the upward motion of the cream the sacks will be broken up by attrition against each other, and the fatty particles will be collected in the strainer. The cream may be circulated through the churn in this manner until the butter is all thoroughly separated and collected, as will be perceived. After the opl. The combination of the elevating device, consisting of a screw-blade operated by suitable mechanism Within the casing, for effecting a circulation of the milk, and the strainer seated in the upper part of the churn, for arresting the coagulated portions of the same and allowing the fluid portion to continue its circulation, substantially as described.

2. The combination, in a churn, of a rotating screw-blade, a surrounding casing, a de# ector, and a strainer with suitable mechanism for operating the screw, substantially as described, for the purpose specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand.

E. B. REQUA.

Witnesses:

GHAs. BARNUM, W. R. BARNUM. 

